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قديم 08-16-2012, 10:47 PM   رقم المشاركة : 1
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أفاق : الاداره

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أفاق : الاداره غير متواجد حالياً


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أفاق : الاداره غير متواجد حالياً


There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is His Messenger



There is no God but Allah and Muhammad is His Messenger


Prophet Muhammad: Role Model of Tolerance, Compassion, and Forgiveness

FaithinAllah.org | August 12, 2012 | Comments (0)



By Raya Shokatfard at OnIslam.net

Allah has always chosen prophets with the best of characters, morals and spirits.

Since Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise, and has ordained human’s destiny before their birth, it is feasible to think that He has already chosen His Prophets before even their entrance to the world.

Prophet Muhammad was not an exception. Allah bestowed on him the best of characters, one of which was his exceptional tolerance which is manifested in his life and teachings:


وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ خُلُقٍ عَظِيمٍ

Verily, you are of a great moral character.

[Surah Al-Qalam 68:4]
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We will examine some examples of his tolerance at the advent of Islam and during its expansion process. In the next article, we will examine his treatment of non-Muslims.

In Mecca

During the first thirteen years of his life in Mecca, he and his followers faced much persecution. Muslims were not ordered by Allah to fight back due to the fact that they had no military strength yet due to the small following which gradually increased. It was only in Medina when his following and military power rapidly grew that fighting to protect themselves and the new religion was allowed.

When the Prophet’s opponents greatly increased their persecution, his companions asked him to curse them. At this the Prophet replied:


إِنِّي لَمْ أُبْعَثْ لَعَّانًا وَإِنَّمَا بُعِثْتُ رَحْمَةً

Verily, I was not sent to invoke curses, but rather I was only sent as a mercy.

[Sahih Muslim, Book 32, Number 6284]
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His opponents continued to treat him and his companions unjustly and cruelly, but he always prayed for them.

He once decided to personally visit the village of Ta’if, to the east of Mecca, to invite its inhabitants to Islam. The people rejected him, stoned him, ejected him, and made him to bleed. Angel Gabriel came to him and said, “Allah has heard your people’s saying to you and how they have replied. Allah has sent the Angel of the Mountains to you that you may order him to do whatever you wish to these people.” The Angel of the Mountains greeted him, and said, “O Muhammad, order what you wish. If you like, I will let the mountains fall on them.” The Prophet, peace be upon him, said:


بَلْ أَرْجُو أَنْ يُخْرِجَ اللَّهُ مِنْ أَصْلاَبِهِمْ مَنْ يَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ وَحْدَهُ لاَ يُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا

No, I hope that Allah will bring from their descendants people who will worship Allah alone without associating partners with Him.

[Sahih Bukhari, Book 54, Number 454]
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In the early Meccan period when the enemies of the new religion far exceeded the Prophet’s companions in number, it often happened that when the Prophet would stand to pray, his foes would come near him and whistle and clap in order to disturb him, but the Prophet would not even once show his anger at such acts. He always opted for the policy of tolerance and avoidance of confrontation.

In one instance when the Prophet was praying at the Ka’bah while his enemies were watching his every move and action, one of his adversaries put on his back the intestine of a slaughtered camel during his prostration. The Prophet did not react and stayed in that position. His daughter, Fatimah, rushed to take the filth off his back and cleaned him up.

In Medina

Later, when Prophet Muhammad and many of his companions migrated to Medina, again his great character in dealing with his companions and enemies was further manifested. In Medina, the Muslims were in the process of establishing the new Islamic state. Yet, their enemies in Mecca did not spare much time to wage war against them and pursue them even in Medina.

In the battle of Uhud, when his Makkan enemies attacked the Muslims, Prophet Muhammad suffered head injury and his front teeth got smashed. When the blood started to seep from his head, he swabbed it saying, “If a drop of my blood fell on the earth, those disbelievers will be destroyed by Allah.” Umar told him, “O Messenger of Allah, Curse them!” The Prophet, peace be upon him, replied:


أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّمَا أَنَا رَحْمَةٌ مُهْدَاةٌ

O people, verily, I am a mercy and a guide.

[Al-Mustadarak, Book of Faith, Number 107, Hasan]
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And he also said:


رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِقَوْمِي فَإِنَّهُمْ لاَ يَعْلَمُونَ

My Lord, forgive my people, for they do not know.

[Sahih Muslim, Book 19, Number 4418]
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Allah confirms his blessed character by saying:


وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا رَحْمَةً لِّلْعَالَمِينَ

We have not sent you except as a mercy to the worlds.

[Surah Al-Anbiya 21:107]
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The Prophet, peace be upon him, once said:


الْمُسْلِمُ مَنْ سَلِمَ النَّاسُ مِنْ لِسَانِهِ وَيَدِهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُ مَنْ أَمِنَهُ النَّاسُ عَلَى دِمَائِهِمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ

The Muslim is the one from whose tongue and hand people are safe, and the believer is the one with whom the people’s lives and wealth are trusted.

[Sunan An-Nasa'i, Book 47, Number 4998, Sahih]
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He manifested these words with action and was not fast to revenge or rebuke a wrong doer. A Bedouin once entered the mosque and started to urinate in it. Mosques at that time had no walls and carpeted floors and the ceilings were palm leaves held up by palm stems. The people ran to prevent and restrain him. The Prophet, peace be upon him, asked for a pitcher of water to be poured over the place of urine, and he said:


إِنَّمَا بُعِثْتُمْ مُيَسِّرِينَ وَلَمْ تُبْعَثُوا مُعَسِّرِينَ

Verily, you were sent only to make things easy, and you were not sent to make things difficult.

[Sunan At-Tirmidhi, Book of Purity, Number 147, Sahih]
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One of the famous sayings of Jesus, peace be upon him, is:


Love your neighbor like yourself.

[Matthew 19:19]
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Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, complimented this by saying:


وَاللَّهِ لَا يُؤْمِنُ وَاللَّهِ لَا يُؤْمِنُ وَاللَّهِ لَا يُؤْمِنُ

By Allah, he is not a believer! By Allah, he is not a believer! By Allah, he is not a believer!
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It was said, “Who, O Messenger of Allah?” He said:


الَّذِي لَا يَأْمَنُ جَارُهُ بَوَايِقَهُ


Him whose neighbor is not safe from his evil.

[Sahih Bukhari, Book 73, Number 45]
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This includes tolerance for actions they may do that is not pleasing to one.

It is reported that one of the Prophet’s neighbors was a Jew who hated the Prophet. Each day he would throw trash on his way. The prophet never rebuked him. One day, the Jew did not show up. The Prophet asked about him, and was told that he was sick. So, he went to visit him and inquire about his health with kindness. Upon seeing this, the Jew embraced Islam.

The enmity of his worst enemy toward his most beloved was also met with awesome goodness.

Hamza was among the Prophet’s most beloved uncles. During one of the battles, Hend, the wife of Abu Sufyan, the arch enemy of the Prophet, had ordered her slave to find Hamza and pierce him with his arrow. Upon seeing him dead, she rushed to his body and cut out his liver and started chewing on it while filled with rage. Upon the conquest of Mecca, the Prophet did not seek revenge on her and accepted her and her husband as new converts and gave them full protection.

Anas ibn Malik, who served the Prophet for ten years, said that he never rebuked him:


خَدَمْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ فَمَا قَالَ لِي أُفٍّ وَلَا لِمَ صَنَعْتَ وَلَا أَلَّا صَنَعْتَ

I served the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, for ten years. By Allah, he never even said to me “Uff!” and he never said harshly for anything, “Why did you do that?” or, “Why did you not do that?”

[Sahih Bukhari, Book 73, Number 64]
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Such manners of tolerance gained him the respect even of his enemies, and his followers stood by him through all kinds of hardship and misfortune.

Although his worse enemies were the Meccan Arabs at the beginning, but in Medina, the Jews did not spare any effort to conspire against him, even after treaties were signed with them. However, he tried to be as fair with them as possible and only waged war against them when they broke treaties which caused much loss of life of Muslims.

Once, when the Prophet was sitting at a place in Medina, along with his companions, a funeral procession passed by. On seeing this, the Prophet stood up. One of his companions remarked that the funeral was that of a Jew. The Prophet replied:


أَلَيْسَتْ نَفْسًا

Was he not a human being?

[Sunan An-Nasa’i, Book 21, Number 1922, Sahih]
.
Since Prophet Muhammad wished to avoid war at all costs, he strove to bring about a peace agreement between him and the Meccans. After great efforts on his part, the non-Muslims agreed to a ten-year peace treaty, which was drafted and signed at Al-Hudaybiyyah, a place outside Mecca.

During this important meeting, the Meccans insisted on a number of extremely provocative acts. For instance, the agreement mentioned the Prophet’s name as “Muhammad the Messenger of Allah.” They insisted to replace by “son of Abdullah.” The Prophet accepted peacefully and deleted the appellation. Similarly, they made the condition that if they could lay their hands on any Muslim they would make him a hostage, but if the Muslims succeeded in detaining any non-Muslim, they would have to set him free. The Prophet even relented on this point for establishment of peace in the region. He was clearly setting examples of fairness and tolerance while exposed to injustice and intolerance.

Despite all the concessions Prophet Muhammad made with the Meccans, the later violated the same treaty they signed earlier. It was then that the Prophet finally marched with his huge army to Mecca and without any resistance conquered the city which was once the abode of his worse enemies.

As mentioned earlier, the Prophet and his followers suffered a great deal during their thirteen years of living in Mecca and after their migration to Medina. His own tribesmen and even family members continue to oppose him in not only in Mecca but rose to fight him in Medina for over 20 years. They did not spear any effort to inflict the worse humanly possible hardship on them. In Mecca, it included, torture, sanctions, taking their lives’ belonging, separating family members and slaughtering them where ever they could find them. With Allah’s help and his and his companions’ steadfastness in Medina and upholding the message of Islam, they finally conquered Mecca. Its leaders came to him fearing that he would kill them as all conquerors do. But instead, he said:


يا معشر قريش ما ترون أني فاعل فيكم؟

O Quraish, what do you think I will do to you?
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They said, “You are a brother, the son of a noble brother.” He said:


اذهبوا فأنتم الطلقاء

Go, you are all free.

[Seerah Ibn Hisham 412, Fath ul-Bari 612, Sunan Al-Kubra 17714]
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Prophet Muhammad’s mercy and tolerance did not exclude his worst enemies. Such tolerance awed his enemies who were now the newly converted Muslims. The end result is a clear history that is registered to this day. Message of Islam spread across the world, to include on fifth of the global population.

These are only a few among many examples of the Prophet’s tolerance and noble character. Aisha, the wife of the Prophet was asked regarding the character of the Prophet, peace be upon him. She said very simply that:


أَلَسْتَ تَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ فَإِنَّ خُلُقَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ الْقُرْآنَ

Have you not read the Quran? Verily, the character of the Messenger of Allah was the Quran.

[Sunan Abu Dawud, Book of Prayer, Number 1342, Sahih]
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Clearly, the Prophet molded his own life in accordance with the ideal pattern of life that he presented to others in the form of the Quran revealed to him by Allah. He never beat a servant, or a woman, or anyone else. He did, of course, fight for what was right. When he had to choose between two alternatives, he would take the easier course, provided it involved no sin. No one was more careful to avoid sin than he. He never sought revenge on his own sake for any wrong done to him personally. He was tolerant. Only if Allah’s commandments had been broken would he meet out retribution for the sake of Allah. It was such conduct which gained the Prophet universal respect.

Scholars further explain about the Quran being his character:


يعني أنه كان يتأدب بآدابه ويتخلق بأخلاقه فما مدحه القرآن كان فيه رضاه وما ذمه القرآن كان فيه سخطه وجاء في رواية عنها قالت كان خلقه القرآن يرضى لرضاه ويسخط لسخطه

What this means is that he followed its etiquette and adopted its attitude. Whatever was praised in the Quran, he was pleased with, and whatever was condemned in the Quran he hated. It says in one report that Aisha said his attitude was the Quran, whatever it was pleased with he was pleased with and whatever it hated he hated.

[Ibn Rajab, Jami Ulum wal-Hukam 16]
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One may say, since he was the last Prophet and messenger to mankind, no other can ever be quite like him. This is true because none shall ever have to shoulder a fraction of the responsibilities he had to bear. However, we, as his followers, have the easy part which is to seek and adopt his gentle qualities and high moral standards into daily practice; for the Prophet’s life was divinely chosen to function as a practical manual of how one should better himself.

Prophet Muhammad’s character and qualities are not only for the Muslims to follow, but the sincere seekers who learn about him, praise his noble character and wish to follow it.

Goethe, a famous German writer, artist, and politician of the 1800s, marveled over the achievements and status of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, saying:


“We Europeans with all our concepts and ideas have not yet attained that which Muhammad attained, and no one will ever surpass him. I searched in history for the loftiest example for man to follow, and I found it in the Prophet Muhammad. Thus the truth must prevail and become supreme, because Muhammad succeeded in subjugating the whole world by means of the message of Divine Oneness.”

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Success comes from Allah, and Allah knows

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